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The Lincoln Highway was one of the earliest transcontinental highways for automobiles across the United States of America. Conceived in 1912 by Indiana entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher, and formally dedicated October 31, 1913, the Lincoln Highway ran coast-to-coast from Times Square in New York City west to Lincoln Park in San Francisco, originally through 13 states: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, and California. In 1915, the "Colorado Loop" was removed, and in 1928, a realignment relocated the Lincoln Highway through the northern tip of West Virginia. Thus, there are a total of 14 states, 128 counties, and more than 700 cities, towns and villages through which the highway passed at some time in its history. The first officially recorded length of the entire Lincoln Highway in 1913 was . Over the years, the road was improved and numerous realignments were made, and by 1924 the highway had been shortened to . Counting the original route and all of the subsequent realignments, there have been a grand total of .〔Calculated by the Lincoln Highway Association National Mapping Committee chaired by Paul Gilger, 2007〕 The Lincoln Highway began to get replaced after the establishment of the U.S. Numbered Highway System in 1926. Today, Interstate 80 serves as the primary highway from the New York City area to San Francisco. ==1928–30 routing== (詳細はU.S. Route 30 from Philadelphia to western Wyoming, portions of Interstate 80 in the western United States, most of U.S. Route 50 in Nevada and California, and most of old decommissioned U.S. Route 40 in California are alignments of the Lincoln Highway. The final (1928–1930) alignment of the Lincoln Highway corresponds ''roughly'' to the following roads: * 42nd Street from the intersection of Broadway at Times Square in New York City westward 6 blocks to the Hudson River. * Holland Tunnel from New York City westward under the Hudson River to Jersey City, New Jersey. ''(Note: The Lincoln Tunnel (opened in 1937), near 42nd Street, was not an original part of the Lincoln Highway. In 1913, Lincoln Highway travelers crossed the Hudson River via the Weehawken Ferry from New York City to Union City, New Jersey. In 1928, the Lincoln Highway was re-routed through the Holland Tunnel (opened in 1927) from New York City to Jersey City. However, the original Lincoln Highway Association made no attempt to map a route from Times Square to the Holland Tunnel, so today, use the West Side Highway (not a part of the Lincoln Highway) to connect from the west end of 42nd Street down to east portal of the Holland Tunnel.)'' * U.S. Route 1/9 Truck from Jersey City westward to Newark, New Jersey. * New Jersey Route 27 from Newark southwestward to Princeton, New Jersey. * U.S. Route 206 from Princeton southwestward to Trenton, New Jersey. * U.S. Route 1 from Trenton southwestward to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. * U.S. Route 30 from Philadelphia westward across Pennsylvania, the northern tip of West Virginia, and westward across Ohio and Indiana, to Aurora, Illinois. ''(Note: There have been many new 4-lane bypasses constructed on U.S. Route 30, so to follow the 1928 route of the Lincoln Highway, at times it is necessary to travel the old U.S. Route 30 alignments through the center of the cities and towns along the route.)'' * Illinois Route 31 from Aurora northwestward to Geneva, Illinois. * Illinois Route 38 from Geneva westward to Dixon, Illinois. * Illinois Route 2 from Dixon westward to Sterling, Illinois. * U.S. Route 30 from Sterling westward across western Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska and Wyoming, to Granger, Wyoming. * Interstate 80 from Granger westward across western Wyoming and Utah, to West Wendover, Nevada. * U.S. Route 93 Alternate and U.S. Route 93 from West Wendover southward to Ely, Nevada. * U.S. Route 50 from Ely westward across Nevada, to 9 miles west of Fallon, Nevada. * From 9 miles west of Fallon to Sacramento, California, there are two Lincoln Highway routes over the Sierra Nevada: * * ''Sierra Nevada Northern Route'': U.S. Route 50 Alternate northwestward to Wadsworth, Nevada, then Interstate 80 & old U.S. Route 40 westward over Donner Pass and the Sierra Nevada to Sacramento. * * ''Sierra Nevada Southern Route'': U.S. Route 50 westward around Lake Tahoe and over Echo Summit and the Sierra Nevada to Sacramento. * Old U.S. Route 40 (with sections under Interstate 80) from Sacramento southwestward across California's Central Valley to the University Avenue exit in Berkeley, California. ''(Note: Originally this leg of the Lincoln Highway followed what would later become U.S. Route 50, from Sacramento south through Stockton and over the Altamont Pass to the East Bay (now Interstates 5, 205, and 580), but was realigned when the Carquinez Bridge was completed in 1927.)'' * University Avenue from Interstate 80 westward to the Berkeley Pier. ''(Note: In 1928, Lincoln Highway travelers crossed the San Francisco Bay via a ferry from the Berkeley Pier to the Hyde Street Pier in San Francisco. Today, use Interstate 80 to connect from University Avenue down to the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (opened in 1936) to cross the bay into San Francisco, then take the Embarcadero from the Bay Bridge northwestward along the waterfront to connect to the Hyde Street Pier in Fisherman's Wharf.)'' * From the Hyde Street Pier in San Francisco, take: * * Hyde Street southward 2 blocks to North Point Street. * * North Point Street westward 3 blocks to Van Ness Avenue. * * Van Ness Avenue southward 16 blocks to California Street. * * California Street westward 54 blocks to 32nd Avenue. * * 32nd Avenue northward 2 blocks to Camino del Mar * * Camino del Mar westward into Lincoln Park, arriving at the Lincoln Highway Western Terminus Plaza and Fountain in front of the California Palace of the Legion of Honor. The Western Terminus Marker and Interpretive Plaque are located to the left of the Palace, next to the bus stop. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lincoln Highway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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